字典最大最小元素
prices = {
'ACME': 45.23,
'AAPL': 612.78,
'IBM': 205.55,
'HPQ': 37.20,
'FB': 10.75
}
min_price = min(zip(prices.values(), prices.keys()))
print(min_price) # (10.75, 'FB')
max_price = max(zip(prices.values(), prices.keys()))
print(max_price) # (612.78, 'AAPL')
prices_sorted = sorted(zip(prices.values(), prices.keys()))
print(prices_sorted)# [(10.75, 'FB'), (37.2, 'HPQ'), (45.23, 'ACME'), (205.55, 'IBM'), (612.78, 'AAPL')]
min_value = prices[min(prices, key=lambda k: prices[k])]
print(min_value) # 10.75
字典的键集合值集合
a = {
'x' : 1,
'y' : 2,
'z' : 3
}
b = {
'w' : 10,
'x' : 11,
'y' : 2
}
# Find keys in common
a.keys() & b.keys() # { 'x', 'y' }
# Find keys in a that are not in b
a.keys() - b.keys() # { 'z' }
# Find (key,value) pairs in common
a.items() & b.items() # { ('y', 2) }
假如你想以现有字典构造一个排除几个指定键的新字典。 下面利用字典推导来实现这样的需求:
# Make a new dictionary with certain keys removed
c = {key:a[key] for key in a.keys() - {'z', 'w'}}
# c is {'x': 1, 'y': 2}
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